Apache Tomcat is an open-source, lightweight web server for running Java-based websites and applications. It's an implementation of the Jakarta EE platform which is the modification of the Java EE platform to accommodate distributed computing and web services. This article explains how to install Apache Tomcat on Ubuntu 20.04 server.
Deploy a fully updated Vultr Ubuntu 20.04 Server.
Create a non-root user with sudo access.
Update system packages.
$ sudo apt update
Install Java runtime environment.
$ sudo apt install default-jdk -y
Verify Java installation.
$ java -version
Download the latest version of Apache Tomcat. To find the latest Tomcat version, visit the official download page.
$ wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-10/v10.0.8/bin/apache-tomcat-10.0.8.tar.gz
Extract the downloaded archive.
$ sudo tar xzvf apache-tomcat-10.0.8.tar.gz
Create an installation directory /opt/tomcat/.
$ sudo mkdir /opt/tomcat/
Move the extracted files to the installation directory.
$ sudo mv apache-tomcat-10.0.8/* /opt/tomcat/
Change ownership of the installation directory.
$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /opt/tomcat/
Change access permissions for the installation directory.
$ sudo chmod -R 755 /opt/tomcat/
Edit conf/tomcat-users.xml file to configure an administrator and manager account for Apache Tomcat.
$ sudo nano /opt/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml
Add the code below within the <tomcat-users> tag. Change the password for administrator and manager access by changing the value StrongPassword below with a high secure password.
<!-- user manager can access only manager section -->
<role rolename="manager-gui" />
<user username="manager" password="StrongPassword" roles="manager-gui" />
<!-- user admin can access manager and admin section both -->
<role rolename="admin-gui" />
<user username="admin" password="StrongPassword" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui" />
Enable remote access to Apache Tomcat by editing manager and host-manager configuration files. Edit manager application context.xml file:
$ sudo nano /opt/tomcat/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
Comment out the IP addresses section as shown below. Then, save and close the file.
<!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> -->
Edit host manager application context.xml file:
$ sudo nano /opt/tomcat/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml
Comment out the IP addresses section as shown below. Then, save and close the file.
<!--<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> -->
Create a systemd unit file for Apache Tomcat.
$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
Add the code below to the file. Then, save and close the file.
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=root
Group=root
Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64"
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.security.egd=file:///dev/urandom"
Environment="CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat"
Environment="CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat"
Environment="CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid"
Environment="CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC"
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Reload the systemd daemon service to apply changes.
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Start Apache Tomcat service.
$ sudo systemctl start tomcat
Enable the service to start up on system boot.
$ sudo systemctl enable tomcat
Check the status of the service.
$ sudo systemctl status tomcat
Go to your browser address bar to access the web interface and type in http://ServerIPaddress:8080 for SuiteCRM to access the web install wizard. For example:
http://192.0.2.10:8080
You have installed Apache Tomcat on your server. You can now access the main dashboard begin managing your Java applications.
For more information about Apache Tomcat, please see the official documentation.